Early Common Lizard

Cycling back to Edern this afternoon on some minor lanes I very nearly ran over this female Common Lizard basking in the road. It was very slow moving obviously not having warmed up yet properly in the early spring sunshine. After taking a few photos we carefully placed it out of danger in a sunny spot near a Clawdd for it to retreat into. This is the earliest by far we have seen this species.

Oil Beetles

Meloe violaceus male found near Edern 21/2/11

Oil beetles are becoming increasingly rare in the UK due to habitat degredation etc. There are several species recorded in the UK of whcih some have not been recorded for many years and are now presumed extinct in the UK. The two commonest species in the UK occur on the Llyn Peninsula and appear during March and April in some numbers. The two species look very similar and need seperating by the use of a "key" which shows the key differances between the two species. The two species we have are Meloe violaceus and Meloe proscarabaeus. Sue and I found a very early example of a male M.violaceus wandering on a lane near Edern on Monday 21st Feburary this year. I would be grateful for any Oil Beetles with details of where they were found and will be happy to collect these. The beetles do not need to be killed to identify them.



This is the life cycle of Oil Beetles
The Oil beetle has one of the most extraordinary life cycles of any British insect. It is parasitic on various species of ground nesting Solitary bee and most usually the large adults will be encountered in early spring wandering around on paths in heathland, grassland and in open woodland near where they emerged.

The adults can live for up to 5 months. Female Oil beetles are considerably bigger than males and become much larger when gravid with eggs. The females will excavate a small burrow in sandy soil near the bee colonies in late spring and lay up to 1000 eggs. The eggs may remain in the burrow before hatching the following year to coincide with the emergence of the bee hosts.

The tiny larvae are known as tringulins and are extremely active, and will rapidly climb onto vegetation in search of flowers. On the flowerheads many larvae will congregate, waiting for a bee to come and pollinate the flower. Once the bee has landed the triungulins will rapidly attach themselves with specially adapted hook-like forelegs and if the bee is female and a solitary ground nesting species, then the larvae will be carried back to the bee's nest burrow. The female Oil beetle must therefore lay lots of eggs to ensure that at least some larvae will find a bee nest.

In the burrow

Once inside the bee's nest, the triungulin changes into an entirely different larval form, which more closely resembles a maggot. This change is necessary as it allows the larvae to feed on the bee's egg and pollen store without becoming entrapped within the pollen. The larvae grows rapidly on such a sugar-rich source of food and after undergoing 3 more moults it pupates and overwinters in the bee burrow before emerging the following year as an adult Oil beetle.

The adults feed on the leaves of various herbs such as buttercup and lesser celandine.

Another leaf mining moth; Stigmella aurella

If you look over any patch of Bramble/Blackberry at the moment you will almost certainly find the mine of this rather stunning little moth. The top photo shows the mine the larvae make in the leaves and the bottom photo shows the rather nice looking adult. Its probably one of the easiest leaf-mining moths you can find as it occurs at all altitudes from sea level to the highest hills as long as there is bramble growing.

Moth on Hart's Tongue Fern Psychoides verhuella

This is an interesting little moth to look for over the next few weeks. Its one of the so called "microlepidoptera" which as the name suggests are usually very small but nevertheless they can be very colourful as adults. My own personal favorite way of looking for moths is to try and find the larval stages on their food plants rather the usual practice of running a light or moth trap to attract the adults.

This particular species is one of the so called “leaf miners” which are a vary varied group of moths that develop in their larval stages in a leaf or grass blade before pupating and emerging as an adult moth when they have completed their devlopement. You can often identify these moths most easily from the type of mine they make in their chosen food plant. The adults are often dull little moths that look very much like each other. The mines can be found at all times of the year when the food plant is around either as active mines or vacated ones when the larvae leaves the mine to pupate and emerge.

The species shown can be found now as it’s starting to become active and feed again after resting over winter. Look over patches of Hart’s tongue ferns on the older leaves for small brown blotches on the leaf surface and then check underneath for the small cases made of fern spores in which the larvae live and feed. There is one other Psychoides species that feeds on Harts Tongue ferns and males a similar case, this species is called Psychoides filicivora.

Images of both species can be seen at these two excellant websites
http://www.leafmines.co.uk/
http://www.ukmoths.org.uk/

Common Quaker (Orthosia cerasi)

I nipped round the back of the caravan this evening to try out my nightscope on a Tawny Owl I could hear calling. The Owl flew off but I did find a very early Common Quaker moth sitting on the tree the Owl had vacated.

Snouty meets Boss Hog !

This is the moment last summer when " Snouty" the usual garden hedghog met "Boss Hog" for the first time. Boss Hog is obviously not a sharing hedgehog :-)) They managed to tolerate each other for the rest of the summer and we have several videos of them feeding side by side wih no fighting.

Yellow Brain Fungus (Tremella mesenterica)

Sue and I have been finding this fungus growing on dead gorse all around the area this winter and at long last I managed to identify it as Yellow Brain Fungus (Tremella mesenterica).